Fact or Fiction
Fact or Fiction
Ask any question, including odd ones. You get a percentage, a clear call of more or less than 50%, the working, and the sources that produced it. If nothing matches, the score stays at 50% — nothing is invented.
Likelihood
video footage 11 September
58%
More than 50% — weakly supported by the sources
The score is 58% — more than 50%. Supporting sources currently outweigh contradicting sources after quality and confidence are applied.
How 58% was calculated
Start at 50%. Move by half of the net source score after uncertainty. Net source score is 0.83 (from −1 contradict to +1 support). Uncertainty is 80%. So 50% + 50% × 0.83 × 20% remaining certainty = 58%.
Supporting sources
8
Weighted strength 2.62
Contradicting sources
1
Weighted strength 0.24
No stance yet
36
Pulls the score toward 50% · 11.22
Uncertainty
80%
Share of the file that is unlabelled or missing
Working
start at 50% + half of (net source score × remaining certainty)
0.5 + 0.5 × 0.83 × (1 − 0.80) = 0.583
This percentage is calculated from the sources listed below — it is a score, not a court finding. Official origin does not add extra weight. Independent origin does not subtract weight. Two papers from the same group are one cluster, not two independent confirmations.
Reasoning
Step 1 · Match the question
Closest stored question: H001 — AA11 struck WTC1. Yes/no labels are taken from sources already linked to that question. Also close: H011, H008.
Step 2 · Find matching sources
40 source(s) matched the wording. 5 further source(s) already linked to the stored question were included even if they did not contain the search words. 3 matching claim(s) contributed inherited stances.
Step 3 · Assign support or contradiction without inventing
5 labelled from stored question links, 4 from claims, 0 labelled automatically (capped, marked, not saved as human review), 36 left with no stance.
Step 4 · Weight each source
Each source contributes strength = (quality / 5) × confidence × how strongly it agrees or disagrees. Support strength 2.62, contradict strength 0.24, no-stance strength 11.22. A zero on chain of custody still lowers the mean and stays visible.
Step 5 · Turn that into a percentage
Start at 50%. Move up if support outweighs contradiction, down if the reverse. Unlabelled sources shrink the movement, so a thin file stays near 50%. Working: 0.5 + 0.5 × 0.83 × (1 − 0.80) = 0.583.
Step 6 · What this number is not
This percentage is calculated from the sources listed below — it is a score, not a court finding. Official origin does not add extra weight. Independent origin does not subtract weight. Two papers from the same group are one cluster, not two independent confirmations.
What is still missing
- 10 source(s) score zero on at least one quality check (shown on each card). Those zeros are kept visible and are not averaged away.
- 11 source(s) are unverified, inactive, or recorded as not retrieved. A missing file is a gap, not a finding against the question.
- 36 relevant source(s) have no stance yet. They increase uncertainty and pull the percentage toward 50%; they are not counted as support or contradiction.
- A second stored question (H011) also matches this wording. The percentage below is for H001 only — open the other question to compare. Do not average the two numbers.
Closest stored question
H001 · AA11 struck WTC1day-of · match 4.3
Related questions
Same wording can map to more than one stored question. Each has its own percentage — do not average them.
Matching claims
- verifiedCLM-011
American Airlines Flight 11 struck World Trade Center 1 at 08:46:40 on 11 September 2001.
- verifiedCLM-037
A large born-digital public archive of 11 September emails, stories, and images exists and was acquired by the Library of Congress in 2003.
- disputedCLM-020
Able Danger identified Mohamed Atta's cell before 11 September and was blocked from notifying the FBI.
Sources that support this
8Sonic Memorial: Eva Garfield Greenwich Village voicemails, 11 September
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2001-09-11
The Sonic Memorial collection includes saved 11 September voicemails in which Eva Garfield, from Greenwich Street, says she watched the towers fall, plus other WTC-building memory recordings.
hypothesis link · human_seed link to H001 (seeded): Village voicemail caption: watched the towers fall.
Eric Salter — Critical review of WTC 'no plane' theories (Sep 2006)
Journal of 9/11 Studies · 2006-09-01
The journal published a 2006 critical review of no-plane theories for the WTC.
hypothesis link · human_seed link to H001 (seeded): In-cluster critique of no-plane theories.
September 11 Digital Archive — holdings statement
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2026-09-03
The Archive states a 150,000-item holding and a 2003 Library of Congress acquisition. Public Omeka browse listed 70,359 items on 3 Sep 2026.
claim stance · zeros: contemporaneity · Inherited from matching claim CLM-037.
Quality zeros remain visible: contemporaneity.
Commission: AA11 struck WTC1 at 08:46:40
9/11 Commission Report · 2004-07-22
A large aircraft identified as AA11 struck WTC 1 at 08:46:40 on 11 September 2001.
hypothesis link · human_seed link to H001 (seeded): Commission + live video of AA11 into WTC1.
911DA email: 6 blocks from Ground Zero, second-plane sound
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2001-09-12
A public-archive email describes street-level ash, paper, a 08:53 Wall Street exit, and the sound of a second aircraft hitting the South Tower from 5–6 blocks away, plus a Pentagon-evacuation report from Washington.
hypothesis link · human_seed link to H001 (seeded): Street-level ash/paper after 08:53 plus a second aircraft sound is consistent with AA11 then UA175.
NTSB path studies and ATC transcripts FOIA'd by NSArchive (Aug 2006)
NTSB flight-path studies and ATC transcripts released via NSArchive (NSAEBB 196) · 2006-08-11
In August 2006 NTSB released to the National Security Archive the four-flight ATC transcripts, three path studies, and the UA93 DFDR specialist report, after refusing to open its own public docket.
hypothesis link · human_seed link to H001 (seeded): AA11 path study in the same FOIA set.
Able Danger: Shaffer/Weldon say Atta's Brooklyn cell was identified before 9/11
Able Danger hearings and Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer / Rep. Curt Weldon statements (2005) · 2005-09-21
Able Danger officers testified they had identified Atta before 9/11 and were blocked from notifying the FBI. Commission staff found the claim unsupported.
claim stance · Inherited from matching claim CLM-020.
911DA collection tree (art, audio, first responders, LoC, user contributions)
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2026-09-03
The Digital Archive exposes a collection tree covering first-responder paper, user stories/emails, Sonic Memorial audio, organisational dumps (Red Cross, CAIR, DoJ emails), and a Library of Congress grouping.
claim stance · zeros: contemporaneity · Inherited from matching claim CLM-037.
Quality zeros remain visible: contemporaneity.
Sources that contradict this
1Commission staff: Able Danger Atta identification not substantiated
9/11 Commission Report · 2005-08-12
Commission staff published that they could not substantiate a pre-9/11 Able Danger identification of Atta.
claim stance · Inherited from matching claim CLM-020.
Sources with no stance yet
36Lorie Van Auken and Bob McIlvaine — Toronto Report ch.1 family testimony
The 9/11 Toronto Report (2012), International Hearings on the Events of September 11, 2001 · 2012-09-11
Two 9/11 family members testified in 2011 about their dead, the Jersey Girls' campaign for a full investigation, three NORAD public timelines, and Van Auken's contemporaneous unease at the Florida classroom footage.
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
Michael Ragsdale flyer collection — street paper, 11 Sep 2001–15 Sep 2002
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2001-09-12
A near-daily street collection of ~1,000 NYC flyers exists for the year after 11 September, including 11 September hospital/command-centre notices and early CIA/FBI-trust and anti-war posters.
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
IC911 Data Archive — links inactive at ingest
International Center for 9/11 Justice · 2026-09-02
As of 2 September 2026 the IC911 data-archive page states that archive links are inactive and that a large archive of videos, photographs, and documents is being built.
unclassified · zeros: contemporaneity, corroboration, chain_of_custody · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
Quality zeros remain visible: contemporaneity, corroboration, chain_of_custody.
Columbia 9/11 Oral History Project — holdings statement
Columbia Center for Oral History Research — September 11 Oral History Project · 2026-09-03
Columbia's 9/11 oral-history project reports five programmes, over 900 hours with over 600 people, 351 of them open, plus a 2011 book. Transcripts were not ingested.
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
AP Archive 9/11 / Conflicts & Terrorism compilations — commercial, not retrieved
SHSU Library — U.S. History: Primary Source Collections Online (9/11 page) · 2026-09-03
The AP Archive 9/11 video compilations named by the guide are behind a commercial wall and were not retrieved.
unclassified · zeros: contemporaneity, corroboration, chain_of_custody · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
Quality zeros remain visible: contemporaneity, corroboration, chain_of_custody.
Graeme MacQueen — 156 eyewitnesses describing explosions at the Twin Towers (Toronto Report ch.8)
The 9/11 Toronto Report (2012), International Hearings on the Events of September 11, 2001 · 2012-09-11
MacQueen compiled 156 accounts, mostly FDNY oral histories, in which speakers used explosion/bomb language about the towers; he documents both the original wording and some later retractions.
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
911DA story: last Windows/observation-deck visit the night of 10 September
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2002-10-22
A October 2002 Digital Archive story claims a visitor party was on the WTC observation deck around 22:00 on 10 September 2001 and was offered rain checks dated 11 September.
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
911DA email, 11 September 2001: 'a plane crashed outside PIT!'
September 11 Digital Archive (RRCHNM / ASHP) · 2001-09-11
A 11 September 2001 email in the Digital Archive consists of the sentence 'a plane crashed outside PIT!'
unclassified · Retrieved as relevant; no inherited polarity. Unclassified mass raises uncertainty rather than inventing support or contradiction.
Topics
Day-of events, engineering questions, process failures, and foreknowledge leads.