EVD-023
Judge Daniels 2024: not 'just an innocent participant'
court filingcourtauthenticoriginal
Provenance
- Source
- In re Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001 (S.D.N.Y.)
- Date
- 2024-08-01
- Page
- —
- SHA-256
- 9ad3f95eca07ea838b33ea88e48c6affe977653853ae81e29a830fac1b200a80
- Classification
- unclassified
- Copyright
- public domain
Quality 3.25 / 5components retained
Prov4
Auth5
Ind3
Contemp1
Corr3
Spec3
Comp3
Chain4
Observation
A U.S. district judge in 2024 drew a reasonable-inference finding that Bayoumi's housing help was tasked by the Saudi government.
Interpretation
Supports the 'tasked assistance' half of H007 more than the 'knew they were hijackers' half. Civil standard.
Source text
INTERPRETATION (judicial): In the 9/11 families' civil action, Judge George B. Daniels (S.D.N.Y., 2024) held that the assembled evidence did not support treating Bayoumi as a mere good Samaritan and that a reasonable inference was that apartment assistance followed Saudi-government instructions. A civil 'reasonable inference' is a legal standard, not a criminal finding beyond reasonable doubt, and not an intelligence-community estimate. Store it as a court interpretation with its own date.
Hypothesis linkage
Civil inference of tasked housing help. Legal standard is lower than criminal.
Court rejected the innocent-participant framing.